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AI Tools for Teachers (2026)

138 tools tracked · 106 active · 32 dead or at risk · Updated August 14, 2026

AI Tools for Teachers (2026)

Teachers adopt AI tools differently from every other role on this site. You are not shipping a product; you are running a term. The lesson plan has to exist on Monday, the slides have to open in front of thirty students, and the feedback has to reach parents before the reporting deadline. A tool that disappears mid-semester is not an inconvenience. It is a week of unpaid rebuild work during the busiest part of the year.

This page tracks the AI tools teachers actually use, grouped by the four jobs they do: planning and materials, slides and visuals, feedback and grading support, and transcription for lectures or meetings. Each tool links to a status page with a last-checked date, and every shutdown links to a full postmortem so you can see what the warning signs looked like.

The pattern in the graveyard is consistent, and it is rarely about quality. Education tools die when free school budgets meet expensive inference, when a district procurement cycle outlasts the startup's runway, or when a bigger platform buys the team and folds the classroom features away. QuillBot was acquired. Others quietly moved their generous free tier behind a per-seat price teachers were never going to be given.

Four Classroom Jobs, Four Different Risks

Teachers do not need one AI tool. They need four, and each one fails in a different way when it disappears.

Name the job before you compare products. Losing a slide generator costs an evening. Losing your only copy of a year of materials costs a summer.

The four AI jobs in a teacher's workflow and the cost when each one fails Planning, slides and visuals, feedback, and transcription, with rising cost of failure. Four jobs. Rising cost of failure. Buy per job, and keep every output exported to a file you own. Slides and visuals Gamma AI, Canva Magic One lost evening Transcription Otter.ai Manual note-taking returns Feedback support Claude, ChatGPT, QuillBot Reporting week doubles Planning and materials Claude, ChatGPT A term of rebuilt units
The deeper the job sits in your planning, the more an export routine is worth.

Verified Status of the Teaching Stack

Every row below is checked on a schedule, and anything that looks like a shutdown is reviewed by a person before the label changes.

ToolJobStatusWhat it means for you
ClaudePlanning, feedbackActiveStrongest long-document reasoning; good for differentiation and rubrics
ChatGPTPlanning, feedbackActiveBroadest general assistant; check the status history before standardising
Gamma AISlidesActiveOutline to deck in minutes; export to PDF every unit
Canva MagicVisuals, worksheetsActiveBacked by a large paid product, so the free tier is comparatively safe
Otter.aiTranscriptionActiveLecture and meeting notes; see alternatives
QuillBotWriting supportAcquiredUsable, but its roadmap now belongs to its owner: what happened

Statuses change. The dated page for each tool is always more current than any list, including this one.

Shutdown Risk Scoreboard

Risk here is not a guess about quality. It is a read on who funds the tool, how much of the product the free tier is, and how visible recent shipping has been.

Shutdown risk score for AI tools used by teachers Lower is safer. Scores reflect funding source, free-tier dependence, and recent shipping activity. Shutdown risk (lower is safer) Funding source, free-tier dependence, shipping activity. Canva Magic 18ChatGPT 22Claude 24Gamma AI 38Otter.ai 44QuillBot (acquired) 66
An acquired tool is not dead, but it should never be the only place your materials live.

Why Education AI Tools Actually Die

Across the tracked cases in this graveyard, classroom tools fail for four reasons, and only one of them is about the product being bad.

Causes of death for AI tools aimed at teachers and schools Free tier could not be funded, acquired and folded in, procurement outlasted runway, and feature absorbed by a platform. Causes of death Free school tier could not fund inference 34%Acquired, classroom features folded away 27%Procurement cycle outlasted the runway 22%Feature absorbed by a bigger platform 17%
Three of the four causes are about money and ownership, not classroom quality.

A Safe Lesson Planning Workflow

The teachers who lose nothing to a shutdown all work the same way: the AI drafts, the file lives somewhere they own, and the final judgement stays human.

A portable five-step lesson planning workflow using AI Outline, draft with AI, adapt for your class, export to your school drive, review and reuse. Draft with AI. Own the file. 1 Outline the objective 2 Draft with AI 3 Adapt for your class 4 Export to school drive 5 Review and reuse Step four is the one that survives a shutdown.
If step four happens every unit, no vendor decision can cost you a term.

Seven-Day Classroom Stack Audit

Run this once at the start of the year and no tool announcement becomes an emergency.

  1. List what you actually use. Tool, job, plan tier, who pays, and whether IT approved it.
  2. Mark the single points of failure. Anything holding materials that exist nowhere else. That short list is your real risk.
  3. Export one unit end to end. Slides, documents, rubrics. Time it, so you know the true cost of the full backup.
  4. Check the data terms. Confirm in writing whether student input is used for training, and save a dated copy.
  5. Test one alternative. Rebuild a single lesson in a second tool for an afternoon and note what did not transfer.
  6. Set a calendar reminder. End of each term: export, then delete nothing until the export opens correctly.
  7. Write one page for your department. Approved tools, what may never be pasted in, and the export routine.

Five Mistakes Teachers Keep Making

  1. Leaving the only copy in the tool. Every shutdown story on this site starts here.
  2. Pasting identifiable student work into a consumer tier. Strip names first, or paste your own draft feedback instead.
  3. Trusting a generated fact without checking it. Assistants invent dates, sources, and quotations with total confidence.
  4. Standardising a department on a free tier. If the free tier is the whole product, it is a pricing decision waiting to happen.
  5. Letting AI write the grade. Draft feedback is fine; the judgement has to be yours, and parents will ask.

What This Actually Costs

Most teachers can run a complete AI stack on free and education tiers, which is exactly why the risk profile is unusual here. A paid general assistant sits around twenty dollars a month, slide and design tools land in the ten to fifteen dollar range per user, and transcription is usually free up to a monthly minute cap. Schools that buy at district level pay less per seat but move slowly, which is how procurement ends up outlasting a startup.

The cost nobody plans for is rebuild time. A term of units trapped inside a tool that shuts down is not a subscription problem; it is dozens of unpaid hours during the weeks you have none. An export routine that takes twenty minutes per unit is the cheapest insurance in this entire category. For wider context on classroom technology adoption, the OECD education research and UNESCO digital education guidance both track how quickly schools absorb new tools and where the policy gaps sit.

Keep Exploring the Graveyard

Teaching overlaps with several other stacks, and the portability question repeats in each one. If you are auditing more broadly, see AI tools for education, AI tools for presentations, AI tools for transcription and meeting notes, AI tools for writing, and the full collection index.

Want the underlying data? Browse every tracked tool from the homepage, compare survivors on the leaderboard, read the latest postmortems, or report a tool you believe is winding down.

Bottom line: pick one tool per job, prefer tools funded by something other than your free tier, export every unit to a file you own, keep student data out of consumer plans, and never let AI make the final call on a grade. Do that and the next shutdown costs you an afternoon, not a term.

Still Active

ChatGPT

🟢Active

Best all-round classroom assistant

OpenAI's conversational AI assistant that sparked the generative AI revolution.

Chatbot

Read the ChatGPT status page or ChatGPT alternatives, best tools like ChatGPT, is ChatGPT dead?, what happened to ChatGPT and why ChatGPT failed.

Claude

🟢Active

Best for long reading materials and feedback

Claude is Anthropic's AI assistant, built for long-document reasoning, code review, and careful writing. Active and shipping in 2026.

Chatbot

Read the Claude status page or Claude alternatives, best tools like Claude, is Claude dead?, what happened to Claude and why Claude failed.

Gamma AI

🟢Active

Best for building lesson decks fast

AI tool for creating beautiful presentations, documents, and webpages from text.

Productivity

Read the Gamma AI status page or Gamma AI alternatives, best tools like Gamma AI and why Gamma AI failed.

Canva Magic

🟢Active

Best for classroom visuals and handouts

Suite of AI tools within Canva for image generation, text-to-image, and design assistance.

Design & Graphics

Read the Canva Magic status page or Canva Magic alternatives and why Canva Magic failed.

Otter.ai

🟢Active

Best for meeting and accessibility notes

AI meeting assistant that records, transcribes, and summarizes meetings in real-time.

Productivity

Read the Otter.ai status page or Otter.ai alternatives, best tools like Otter.ai, is Otter.ai dead? and why Otter.ai failed.

SkedPal

🟢Active

SkedPal is a smart calendar and task-planning application that schedules tasks into available calendar time according to priorities, deadlines, routines, and user-defined time maps, then adjusts the plan as circumstances change.

Productivity

Read the SkedPal status page.

Microsoft Copilot is a generative AI assistant available on the web, Windows, mobile devices, and Microsoft Edge. It answers questions, drafts and summarizes text, creates images, and can connect with Microsoft services.

Productivity

Read the Microsoft Copilot status page.

Dropbox Dash

🟢Active

Dropbox Dash is an AI-powered universal search and knowledge-management product for finding, organizing, and asking questions about workplace content across connected apps and company sources.

Productivity

Read the Dropbox Dash status page.

Tactiq

🟢Active

Tactiq is an AI meeting assistant and browser extension that transcribes Google Meet, Zoom, and Microsoft Teams calls. It can generate summaries, action items, follow-up text, and answers based on meeting transcripts.

Productivity

Read the Tactiq status page.

Motion

🟢Active

Motion is a productivity platform from Use Motion that combines calendar scheduling, task and project management, meeting assistance, and workflow automation. Its AI features automatically plan and reprioritize work on users’ calendars.

Productivity

Read the Motion status page.

Taskade

🟢Active

Taskade is a collaborative productivity platform combining tasks, projects, notes, chat, video calls, and AI agents. It supports shared workspaces, workflow automation, templates, and cross-device collaboration.

Productivity

Read the Taskade status page.

Clockwise

🟢Active

Clockwise is an AI-powered calendar and scheduling service for teams. It rearranges flexible meetings, protects focus time, coordinates availability, and integrates with workplace calendars and collaboration tools.

Productivity

Read the Clockwise status page.

Shortwave

🟢Active

Shortwave is an AI-powered email client for Gmail and Google Workspace. It organizes messages into bundles and adds search, summarization, writing assistance, scheduling, task, and collaboration features.

Productivity

Read the Shortwave status page.

Trevor AI

🟢Active

Trevor AI is a time-blocking and daily-planning application that connects task lists with a calendar. It helps users schedule tasks into available time and includes AI-assisted planning suggestions.

Productivity

Read the Trevor AI status page.

Magical

🟢Active

Magical is a productivity and automation tool that helps users move data between browser tabs, fill forms, and generate or expand text. Its browser extension supports reusable shortcuts and workflow automation.

Productivity

Read the Magical status page.

Axiom.ai

🟢Active

Axiom.ai is a no-code browser automation platform for creating bots that click, type, scrape data, and connect web workflows with services such as Google Sheets, Zapier, and webhooks.

Productivity

Read the Axiom.ai status page.

Voicenotes

🟢Active

Voicenotes is an AI note-taking application from Coping Hard that records or imports speech, creates transcripts and summaries, and lets users organize, transform, and ask questions about saved notes.

Productivity

Read the Voicenotes status page.

AudioPen

🟢Active

AudioPen is a web-based productivity tool that records or accepts spoken notes, transcribes them, and uses AI to reorganize the transcript into clearer written text for notes, journals, emails, and drafts.

Productivity

Read the AudioPen status page.

TalkNotes

🟢Active

TalkNotes is an AI voice-note application that transcribes spoken recordings and restructures them into formats such as notes, task lists, journal entries, and other editable text outputs.

Productivity

Read the TalkNotes status page.

Fellow

🟢Active

Fellow is an AI meeting assistant and meeting-management platform that records, transcribes, and summarizes calls, organizes agendas and action items, and integrates with workplace calendars and collaboration tools.

Productivity

Read the Fellow status page.

Zoom AI Companion is a generative AI assistant built into Zoom Workplace. It can summarize meetings, identify action items, help draft chat and email messages, and answer questions using permitted workplace context.

Productivity

Read the Zoom AI Companion status page.

Tana

🟢Active

Tana is a collaborative knowledge-management and productivity workspace that organizes notes as connected nodes. It combines structured data, Supertags, search, meeting capture, and AI-assisted workflows.

Productivity

Read the Tana status page.

Wispr Flow

🟢Active

Wispr Flow is an AI voice-dictation application from Wispr AI that converts speech into edited text across desktop and mobile apps. It applies contextual formatting and supports personalized vocabulary and commands.

Productivity

Read the Wispr Flow status page.

MacWhisper

🟢Active

A macOS transcription application from Good Snooze that converts audio files and microphone recordings into text. It supports local Whisper models, speaker recognition, batch transcription, and export formats including subtitles.

Productivity

Read the MacWhisper status page.

Rows AI

🟢Active

AI features built into the Rows spreadsheet platform for generating formulas, analyzing and transforming data, creating tables, and answering spreadsheet questions with natural-language prompts.

Productivity

Read the Rows AI status page.

GPT for Work

🟢Active

GPT for Work provides AI assistants inside Google Sheets, Docs, Slides, Gmail, and Microsoft Excel and Word. Its add-ons support bulk text generation, extraction, classification, translation, and document workflows.

Productivity

Read the GPT for Work status page.

Gling

🟢Active

Gling is an AI-assisted video editor for YouTube creators. It analyzes recorded footage, removes silences and unwanted takes, and provides text-based editing, captions, reframing, and export options for common editing workflows.

Writing & Content

Read the Gling status page.

Anyword

🟢Active

Anyword is an AI writing and marketing platform for generating and optimizing copy across ads, websites, email, social media, and other channels. It includes predictive performance scoring and brand-governance features.

Writing & Content

Read the Anyword status page.

Scalenut

🟢Active

Scalenut is an AI-assisted SEO and content marketing platform for keyword planning, research, article creation, optimization, and content auditing. It combines workflow tools with search-focused recommendations for marketers and agencies.

Writing & Content

Read the Scalenut status page.

Clearscope

🟢Active

Clearscope is a content optimization platform for researching search topics, creating content briefs, and grading drafts for relevance. It uses search-result and natural-language analysis to recommend terms and improve SEO workflows.

Writing & Content

Read the Clearscope status page.

Surfer

🟢Active

Surfer is a cloud-based SEO content platform for researching, writing, auditing, and optimizing webpages. It analyzes search results and provides content recommendations, scoring, keyword guidance, and AI-assisted drafting tools.

Writing & Content

Read the Surfer status page.

MarketMuse

🟢Active

MarketMuse is an AI-assisted content planning and optimization platform that analyzes topics, identifies content gaps, builds briefs, and helps editorial teams prioritize and improve search-focused content.

Writing & Content

Read the MarketMuse status page.

Hypotenuse AI

🟢Active

Hypotenuse AI is an AI writing and content platform for ecommerce and marketing teams. It generates product descriptions, articles, social copy and product imagery, with workflows for catalog enrichment and brand-consistent content.

Writing & Content

Read the Hypotenuse AI status page.

AI-Writer

🟢Active

AI-Writer is a web-based writing platform that generates article drafts from a headline or topic. It emphasizes source-backed output, citations, text rewriting, and SEO-oriented content creation.

Writing & Content

Read the AI-Writer status page.

Simplified

🟢Active

Simplified is an AI-assisted content creation platform that combines writing, graphic design, video editing, social media publishing, and team collaboration tools in a single web application.

Writing & Content

Read the Simplified status page.

Writecream

🟢Active

Writecream is an AI writing and content-generation platform for creating marketing copy, blog posts, social media content, emails, images, and voiceovers, with tools for personalized outreach and multilingual output.

Writing & Content

Read the Writecream status page.

GrowthBar

🟢Active

GrowthBar is an AI-assisted SEO writing and content optimization platform for researching keywords, generating long-form drafts, creating content outlines, and applying on-page recommendations in a web editor.

Writing & Content

Read the GrowthBar status page.

Writer

🟢Active

Writer is an enterprise generative AI platform for creating, editing, governing, and automating business content. It combines proprietary Palmyra language models with knowledge retrieval, agents, style controls, and administrative tools.

Writing & Content

Read the Writer status page.

KoalaWriter

🟢Active

KoalaWriter is an AI-assisted writing tool from Koala AI for creating long-form, search-oriented articles. It combines outline and draft generation with web-informed research, internal linking, and publishing integrations.

Writing & Content

Read the KoalaWriter status page.

HyperWrite

🟢Active

HyperWrite is an AI writing and productivity assistant from OthersideAI. It offers text generation, rewriting, document assistance, personalized suggestions, and an experimental browser agent called Personal Assistant.

Writing & Content

Read the HyperWrite status page.

ProWritingAid

🟢Active

ProWritingAid is a writing assistant that checks grammar, spelling, style, readability, and repeated wording. It offers editing reports, rewriting features, and integrations for browsers and writing applications.

Writing & Content

Read the ProWritingAid status page.

Wordvice AI

🟢Active

Wordvice AI is a browser-based writing assistant from Wordvice that offers proofreading, paraphrasing, translation, summarization, and plagiarism-checking tools, with an emphasis on academic and professional English writing.

Writing & Content

Read the Wordvice AI status page.

Trinka AI

🟢Active

Trinka AI is an AI-assisted grammar checker and writing editor designed for academic, technical, and professional documents. It offers language corrections, style suggestions, plagiarism checks, citation tools, and document editing.

Writing & Content

Read the Trinka AI status page.

Ginger Software

🟢Active

Ginger is a writing-assistance product offering grammar and spelling correction, sentence rephrasing, translation, definitions, and related language tools through web, desktop, and mobile apps.

Writing & Content

Read the Ginger Software status page.

Sapling

🟢Active

AI writing assistant for customer-facing teams. It provides grammar and style suggestions, autocomplete, snippets, and quality analytics through browser extensions, web apps, and business integrations.

Writing & Content

Read the Sapling status page.

Paperpal

🟢Active

Paperpal is an AI-assisted academic writing and editing product from Cactus Communications. It helps researchers revise language, check manuscripts, generate or rewrite text, manage citations, and prepare scholarly work.

Writing & Content

Read the Paperpal status page.

Writefull

🟢Active

AI-assisted academic writing software that provides language feedback, paraphrasing, title and abstract generation, and manuscript checks using models trained on scholarly text.

Writing & Content

Read the Writefull status page.

Lightkey

🟢Active

Lightkey is an AI-assisted writing application for Windows that predicts words and phrases as users type. It works in Microsoft Office and other desktop applications and includes spelling, grammar, and style assistance.

Writing & Content

Read the Lightkey status page.

Byword

🟢Active

Byword is an AI writing platform for generating SEO-focused articles at scale. It supports keyword or title inputs, batch article creation, custom writing styles, internal linking, images, and publishing integrations.

Writing & Content

Read the Byword status page.

Article Forge

🟢Active

Article Forge is a web-based AI writing service that generates long-form articles from keywords and configurable instructions. It is aimed at producing drafts for blogs and search-oriented content.

Writing & Content

Read the Article Forge status page.

LanguageTool

🟢Active

LanguageTool is a multilingual spelling, grammar, punctuation, and style checker available through a web editor, browser extensions, office integrations, desktop apps, and an API. It offers free and paid plans.

Writing & Content

Read the LanguageTool status page.

NEURONwriter

🟢Active

NEURONwriter is a web-based content optimization platform that analyzes search results and uses NLP and generative AI to help users plan, draft, score, and improve articles for search relevance.

Writing & Content

Read the NEURONwriter status page.

Novelcrafter

🟢Active

Novelcrafter is an online novel-writing workspace with planning, drafting, reference-management and AI-assisted writing features. It can connect to external language-model providers through user-supplied API credentials.

Writing & Content

Read the Novelcrafter status page.

Squibler

🟢Active

Squibler is an online writing platform for books, novels, screenplays, and other long-form projects. It combines drafting, outlining, project management, templates, collaboration, and AI-assisted text generation.

Writing & Content

Read the Squibler status page.

Type.ai

🟢Active

Type.ai is an AI-assisted document editor for drafting, rewriting, and refining long-form content. It combines a writing workspace with generative editing tools and supports importing or exporting common document formats.

Writing & Content

Read the Type.ai status page.

Dabble

🟢Active

Dabble is cloud-based novel-writing software for drafting, organizing plots and story notes, setting goals, and tracking manuscript progress. It includes Story Notes and an AI-assisted feature called Story Craft.

Writing & Content

Read the Dabble status page.

Campfire Writing is a web-based writing and story-planning platform for novelists and other storytellers. It combines manuscript drafting with tools for characters, timelines, maps, relationships, research, and worldbuilding.

Writing & Content

Read the Campfire Writing status page.

OthersideAI

🟢Active

OthersideAI was the company behind HyperWrite, an AI writing assistant that generates and rewrites text, offers suggestions, and includes a personal assistant for browser-based tasks.

Writing & Content

Read the OthersideAI status page.

ClosersCopy

🟢Active

ClosersCopy is an AI-assisted copywriting platform for drafting marketing content such as sales pages, advertisements, emails, blog posts, and social posts. It includes templates, workflows, long-form editing, and content analysis tools.

Writing & Content

Read the ClosersCopy status page.

MeetGeek

🟢Active

MeetGeek is an AI meeting assistant that records, transcribes, summarizes, and analyzes online and in-person meetings. It integrates with conferencing, calendar, CRM, and collaboration tools.

Productivity

Read the MeetGeek status page.

Sembly AI

🟢Active

Sembly AI is an AI meeting assistant that records, transcribes, and summarizes online meetings. It also extracts action items, decisions, and topics and supports searchable meeting records and team collaboration.

Productivity

Read the Sembly AI status page.

Read AI

🟢Active

Read AI is a meeting productivity platform that records and transcribes online meetings, generates summaries and action items, and provides analytics across meetings, email, and workplace messaging.

Productivity

Read the Read AI status page.

Supernormal

🟢Active

Supernormal is an AI meeting assistant that records or processes meetings, generates transcripts and notes, and helps teams share follow-ups. It integrates with common videoconferencing and workplace tools.

Productivity

Read the Supernormal status page.

Krisp

🟢Active

Krisp is an AI-powered meeting assistant and audio utility that removes background noise, suppresses voices and echo, transcribes calls, and produces meeting notes across conferencing applications.

Productivity

Read the Krisp status page.

Jamie

🟢Active

Jamie is an AI meeting assistant that records and summarizes conversations, extracts action items, and supports follow-up work. It is designed to function across meeting platforms and for in-person conversations.

Productivity

Read the Jamie status page.

Granola

🟢Active

Granola is an AI meeting-notes application that transcribes computer audio and combines the transcript with a user's typed notes. It generates structured summaries and lets users query meeting history.

Productivity

Read the Granola status page.

Circleback

🟢Active

Circleback is an AI meeting assistant that records or joins meetings, produces transcripts and summaries, identifies action items, and can sync meeting information with supported workplace tools.

Productivity

Read the Circleback status page.

Bluedot

🟢Active

Bluedot is an AI meeting recorder and note-taking service for Google Meet, Microsoft Teams, Zoom, and in-person conversations. It records meetings without a visible bot and produces transcripts, summaries, and follow-up notes.

Productivity

Read the Bluedot status page.

Google’s generative AI features for Workspace apps, including Gmail, Docs, Sheets, Slides, Meet, Chat, and Drive. It helps users draft, summarize, analyze, create images, take meeting notes, and find information.

Productivity

Read the Gemini for Google Workspace status page.

Slack AI

🟢Active

Slack AI is a set of generative AI features built into Slack for searching workplace knowledge, summarizing conversations and channels, creating recaps, and helping users find answers from organizational content.

Productivity

Read the Slack AI status page.

Box AI

🟢Active

Box AI is a generative AI capability within Box for asking questions about stored content, summarizing documents, extracting metadata, and supporting content workflows while applying Box permissions and security controls.

Productivity

Read the Box AI status page.

Glean

🟢Active

Glean is an enterprise search and work assistant platform that connects workplace applications, indexes company knowledge, and uses generative AI to answer questions, retrieve information, and help automate tasks.

Productivity

Read the Glean status page.

Slite

🟢Active

Slite is a collaborative knowledge base and documentation platform for teams. It combines shared documents, search, integrations, and AI-assisted answers to help organizations create and retrieve internal knowledge.

Productivity

Read the Slite status page.

Tettra

🟢Active

Tettra is an AI-assisted knowledge management and internal wiki platform for teams. It centralizes company documentation, integrates with workplace tools, and helps employees find answers through its Kai assistant.

Productivity

Read the Tettra status page.

Craft

🟢Active

Craft is a collaborative document and note-taking app for individuals and teams. It supports structured pages, rich media, real-time editing, publishing, tasks, calendar-linked notes, and AI-assisted writing and search.

Productivity

Read the Craft status page.

Lex

🟢Active

Lex is an AI-assisted writing application from Every. It combines a document editor with tools for drafting, rewriting, feedback, collaboration, and publishing, and is available through the web and native apps.

Productivity

Read the Lex status page.

Mintlify

🟢Active

Mintlify is a documentation platform for creating, maintaining, and publishing developer documentation. It combines docs-as-code workflows, customizable sites, analytics, search, and AI-assisted authoring and support features.

Writing & Content

Read the Mintlify status page.

Ellie

🟢Active

Ellie is an AI email-writing assistant that learns from a user’s sent messages and drafts context-aware replies in their writing style. It is offered as a browser extension and supports multiple languages.

Writing & Content

Read the Ellie status page.

DreamStudio

🟢Active

DreamStudio is Stability AI’s web interface for generating and editing images with Stable Diffusion models. It offers prompt-based creation, image controls, style presets, and a credit-based usage system.

Design & Graphics

Read the DreamStudio status page.

ComfyUI

🟢Active

ComfyUI is an open-source, node-based interface and inference engine for generative AI workflows. Users connect models and processing nodes to create, inspect, reuse, and automate image, video, and audio pipelines.

Design & Graphics

Read the ComfyUI status page.

NightCafe Creator is a web and mobile AI art generator operated by NightCafe Studio. It supports text-to-image creation with multiple model families, image challenges, community sharing, and credit-based generation options.

Design & Graphics

Read the NightCafe Creator status page.

Dream by WOMBO

🟢Active

Dream by WOMBO is a generative-art app from Canadian startup WOMBO. Users enter text prompts and select visual styles to create AI-generated images, with access offered through web and mobile apps.

Design & Graphics

Read the Dream by WOMBO status page.

starryai

🟢Active

starryai is a generative art platform for creating images from text prompts. It offers web and mobile apps, multiple AI models and editing tools, with free usage limits and paid plans for additional generations and features.

Design & Graphics

Read the starryai status page.

Craiyon

🟢Active

Craiyon is a web-based AI image generator that creates images from text prompts. It began as DALL·E mini, an independent open-source-inspired project, and was renamed Craiyon after OpenAI requested a name change.

Design & Graphics

Read the Craiyon status page.

Deep Dream Generator is a web-based AI image creation and editing platform. It supports text-to-image generation, image transformations, and DeepDream-style effects through multiple models and configurable settings.

Design & Graphics

Read the Deep Dream Generator status page.

Figma AI

🟢Active

A collection of AI features built into Figma's design products, including visual and asset search, text rewriting, background removal, layer renaming, image generation and tools for creating or editing designs.

Design & Graphics

Read the Figma AI status page.

Visily

🟢Active

Visily is an AI-assisted interface design platform for creating wireframes and prototypes. It supports text-to-design, screenshot conversion, templates, collaborative editing, and export workflows for product teams.

Design & Graphics

Read the Visily status page.

Framer AI

🟢Active

Framer AI is a set of generative website-building features within Framer. It can produce responsive page layouts from text prompts and includes AI tools for rewriting copy and translating website content.

Design & Graphics

Read the Framer AI status page.

Relume

🟢Active

Relume is a web design platform for creating sitemaps, wireframes, and style guides with AI. It also provides a component library and exports designs to Figma, Webflow, and React.

Design & Graphics

Read the Relume status page.

Anima

🟢Active

Anima is a design-to-code platform that converts Figma designs into editable front-end code and interactive prototypes. It supports frameworks including React and provides tools for designers and developers to collaborate.

Design & Graphics

Read the Anima status page.

TeleportHQ

🟢Active

TeleportHQ is a low-code front-end design and development platform for building responsive websites and user interfaces, generating editable code, collaborating in a visual editor, and publishing or exporting projects.

Design & Graphics

Read the TeleportHQ status page.

Cleanup.pictures is a web-based image editor that uses AI inpainting to remove unwanted objects, people, text, and defects from photos. Users paint over an area and the service reconstructs the background.

Design & Graphics

Read the Cleanup.pictures status page.

Topaz Photo AI

🟢Active

Desktop image-enhancement software from Topaz Labs that combines AI-based denoising, sharpening, upscaling, face recovery, lighting adjustment, and object removal in one editor and plugin workflow.

Design & Graphics

Read the Topaz Photo AI status page.

Pixelcut

🟢Active

Pixelcut is an AI-assisted photo editing and graphic design platform for creating product images, removing or replacing backgrounds, generating scenes, retouching photos, and producing marketing visuals on web and mobile.

Design & Graphics

Read the Pixelcut status page.

PhotoRoom

🟢Active

PhotoRoom is an AI-powered photo editing platform for creating product and marketing images. Its web and mobile apps provide background removal, generated backgrounds, retouching, resizing, and batch editing.

Design & Graphics

Read the PhotoRoom status page.

Claid.ai

🟢Active

Claid.ai is an AI-powered image editing and generation platform from Let’s Enhance. It provides APIs and web tools for image enhancement, background removal, product-scene creation, resizing, and other e-commerce visual workflows.

Design & Graphics

Read the Claid.ai status page.

Upscayl

🟢Active

Upscayl is a free, open-source desktop application that enlarges and enhances images with AI models. It processes images locally through Vulkan-compatible graphics hardware and supports Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Design & Graphics

Read the Upscayl status page.

Luminar Neo

🟢Active

Luminar Neo is a desktop photo editor from Skylum for Windows and macOS. It combines conventional editing tools with AI-assisted features for masking, object removal, relighting, sky replacement, portrait retouching, and generative edits.

Design & Graphics

Read the Luminar Neo status page.

ImagenAI

🟢Active

ImagenAI is AI-powered photo-editing software for professional photographers. It learns editing styles from submitted Lightroom catalogs or offers preset Talent AI Profiles, then applies edits in bulk for review.

Design & Graphics

Read the ImagenAI status page.

Prisma

🟢Active

Prisma is a mobile photo and video editing app that applies neural-network-based artistic filters to images and clips. It was launched by Prisma Labs and became widely known for transforming photos into stylized artwork.

Design & Graphics

Read the Prisma status page.

Spline AI

🟢Active

Spline AI is a set of generative features within Spline, a browser-based 3D design platform. It lets users create 3D objects from text prompts and generate or edit textures using natural-language instructions.

Design & Graphics

Read the Spline AI status page or Spline AI alternatives.

Let's Enhance

🟢Active

Let's Enhance is an AI-powered image enhancement service for upscaling photos, improving resolution, correcting color and lighting, and preparing images for print or digital use through web tools and an API.

Design & Graphics

Read the Let's Enhance status page.

Polarr

🟢Active

Polarr is a photo-editing platform from Polarr, Inc. Its web and mobile apps provide filters, retouching, masking, color adjustments, and AI-assisted tools for photographers and other visual creators.

Design & Graphics

Read the Polarr status page.

Vectorizer.AI

🟢Active

An online image-vectorization service that uses AI to convert raster images such as PNG and JPEG files into scalable vector graphics, with downloadable SVG, PDF, EPS, DXF and PNG output formats.

Design & Graphics

Read the Vectorizer.AI status page.

Scenario

🟢Active

Scenario is a generative AI platform for creating game and marketing visuals. It lets teams train custom image models on their own art, generate assets, and integrate generation into production workflows via API.

Design & Graphics

Read the Scenario status page.

Recraft

🟢Active

Recraft is a generative design platform for creating and editing vector graphics, illustrations, icons, mockups, and raster images. It offers style controls, brand consistency tools, and an API for image generation.

Design & Graphics

Read the Recraft status page.

Dead or At Risk

These have shut down, been abandoned, or been absorbed into another company. Check before you renew.

QuillBot

🟡Acquired / Merged

Best for teaching paraphrasing and citation

AI paraphrasing and writing tool that helps rewrite and improve text.

Writing & Content

Read the QuillBot status page or QuillBot alternatives, best tools like QuillBot, is QuillBot dead?, what happened to QuillBot and why QuillBot failed.

Reclaim.ai

🟡Acquired / Merged

Reclaim.ai is an AI scheduling and calendar automation service that places tasks, habits, focus time, breaks, and meetings on users’ calendars. Dropbox acquired the company in 2024, and Reclaim continues to be offered as a product.

Productivity

Read the Reclaim.ai status page or why Reclaim.ai failed.

Superhuman

🟡Acquired / Merged

Superhuman is a subscription email client for Gmail and Microsoft Outlook. It emphasizes keyboard-driven workflows and includes AI features for drafting, summarizing, searching, and managing email.

Productivity

Read the Superhuman status page or why Superhuman failed.

Woven

🔴Shutdown / Dead

Woven was a calendar and scheduling application that combined multiple calendars, event templates, scheduling links, maps, and analytics. Slack acquired its team in 2020, and the Woven service later closed.

ProductivityShutdown: 2021

Read the Woven status page or why Woven failed.

Mayday

🔴Shutdown / Dead

Mayday was an AI-assisted calendar and task-management app that scheduled tasks around meetings, protected focus time, and helped users reorganize their day across supported calendar services.

ProductivityShutdown: 2024

Read the Mayday status page or why Mayday failed.

Compose AI

🟡Acquired / Merged

Compose AI was a Chrome writing assistant that offered autocomplete, text generation, rephrasing, and email reply features across websites. The company later announced that it had joined OpenAI and discontinued the extension.

ProductivityShutdown: 2023

Read the Compose AI status page or why Compose AI failed.

Flowrite

🟡Acquired / Merged

Flowrite was an AI writing assistant for composing emails and messages from short prompts. Its browser-based tools generated replies and drafts for common workplace communication. The product was acquired by Maestro Labs in 2024.

Productivity

Read the Flowrite status page or why Flowrite failed.

Stashpad

🟡Acquired / Merged

Stashpad was a developer-focused note-taking and productivity app designed for rapid capture, organization, and retrieval of working notes. Its team later announced that Stashpad would shut down after being acquired by ClickUp.

ProductivityShutdown: 2024

Read the Stashpad status page or why Stashpad failed.

Diagram

🟡Acquired / Merged

Diagram was an AI design-tool company that built Figma plugins including Magician, an assistant for generating interface copy, icons, and images. Figma acquired the company in 2023 and incorporated its team and technology.

Productivity

Read the Diagram status page or why Diagram failed.

Luna

🟡Acquired / Merged

Luna is an AI-assisted sales prospecting platform that recommends leads and drafts personalized outreach emails. Public company materials indicate the original standalone service was folded into software company Reply in 2023.

Productivity

Read the Luna status page or why Luna failed.

Kronologic

🟡Acquired / Merged

Kronologic developed calendar-based sales automation software that used AI to identify leads, propose meeting times, and schedule conversations for revenue teams. It was acquired by East11 Ventures in 2024.

Productivity

Read the Kronologic status page or why Kronologic failed.

Timeful

🟡Acquired / Merged

Timeful was an intelligent calendar and task-management app that used behavioral science and machine learning to suggest when users should schedule tasks and habits. Google acquired its team and technology in 2015.

Productivity

Read the Timeful status page or why Timeful failed.

Julie Desk

🟡Acquired / Merged

Julie Desk was a French AI-powered virtual assistant that scheduled meetings by email, coordinating participants and calendars through natural-language exchanges. Its technology was acquired by Accor in 2019.

Productivity

Read the Julie Desk status page or why Julie Desk failed.

Limitless

🟡Acquired / Merged

Limitless is an AI-powered memory and meeting assistant from Limitless AI that records or imports conversations, produces transcripts and summaries, and lets users search and query captured information across its apps and wearable Pendant.

Productivity

Read the Limitless status page or why Limitless failed.

Storia AI

🟡Acquired / Merged

Storia AI was an AI-assisted visual design and image-editing product developed by Storia. Its tools included text editing within generated images, object removal, background changes, and image cleanup.

Productivity

Read the Storia AI status page or why Storia AI failed.

Frase

🟡Acquired / Merged

Frase is an AI-assisted content workflow and SEO platform for researching search results, creating content briefs, drafting articles, and optimizing pages against topics found in competing content.

Writing & Content

Read the Frase status page or why Frase failed.

Headlime

🟡Acquired / Merged

Headlime was an AI-assisted copywriting product for generating marketing copy, including landing-page text, headlines, and other content. Conversion.ai acquired it in 2021 and later incorporated its capabilities into the product now called Jasper.

Writing & Content

Read the Headlime status page or why Headlime failed.

ShortlyAI

🟡Acquired / Merged

ShortlyAI is an AI-assisted writing editor designed to expand prompts, rewrite passages, and help users continue long-form prose. It became part of Conversion.ai, later renamed Jasper, in 2021.

Writing & Content

Read the ShortlyAI status page or why ShortlyAI failed.

Copysmith

🟡Acquired / Merged

Copysmith was an AI content-generation platform for marketing and e-commerce teams, offering product-description and campaign-copy workflows. Describely, its e-commerce product-content business, was acquired by Copysmith’s CEO in 2025.

Writing & Content

Read the Copysmith status page or why Copysmith failed.

Content at Scale

🟡Acquired / Merged

AI-assisted long-form content platform for researching, drafting, optimizing, and managing SEO articles. It was launched by entrepreneur Justin McGill and later became part of BrandWell after a 2024 rebrand.

Writing & Content

Read the Content at Scale status page or why Content at Scale failed.

Topic

🟡Acquired / Merged

Topic was an AI-assisted content research and optimization platform for producing SEO briefs and articles. It analyzed search results to suggest topics, headings, and questions for content teams and agencies.

Writing & Content

Read the Topic status page or why Topic failed.

Voiceliner

🟠Possibly Dead

Voiceliner was an Android-first voice notes and outlining app that converted spoken thoughts into transcribed, nested bullet points. Its open-source code remains available, but the hosted product’s current operation is unclear.

Productivity

Read the Voiceliner status page or why Voiceliner failed.

Kono

🟠Possibly Dead

Kono was an AI scheduling assistant that coordinated meetings through email, calendar integrations, and natural-language requests. Public product updates appear to have ended, and its former homepage is no longer reliably accessible.

Productivity

Read the Kono status page or why Kono failed.

Undock

🟠Possibly Dead

Undock was an AI-assisted calendar and scheduling service that let users propose meeting times, coordinate availability, and book meetings through browser and calendar integrations.

Productivity

Read the Undock status page.

Rewatch

🔴Shutdown / Dead

Rewatch was a collaborative video workspace for recording, organizing, searching, and sharing company meetings and screen recordings. Atlassian acquired the company in 2024 and discontinued the standalone service in 2026.

ProductivityShutdown: 2026

Read the Rewatch status page.

Airgram

🔴Shutdown / Dead

Airgram was an AI meeting assistant for recording, transcribing, summarizing, and organizing online meetings. It supported collaboration around notes and action items and integrations with major conferencing platforms.

ProductivityShutdown: 2023

Read the Airgram status page.

Warmer.ai

🟡Acquired / Merged

Warmer.ai was an AI-assisted email personalization service that generated tailored opening lines for cold outreach using prospect and company information. Its website currently redirects to Mailshake.

Writing & Content

Read the Warmer.ai status page.

Artisto

🔴Shutdown / Dead

Artisto was a mobile app from Mail.Ru Group that applied neural-network-based artistic filters to short videos and photos. Released in 2016, it competed with Prisma during the surge in AI-powered visual effects apps.

Design & Graphics

Read the Artisto status page.

Galileo AI

🟡Acquired / Merged

Galileo AI was a generative design tool that turned text prompts into editable user-interface designs. The service was acquired by Google in 2024, and its public website now redirects to Google Stitch.

Design & Graphics

Read the Galileo AI status page.

remove.bg

🟡Acquired / Merged

remove.bg is an online image-editing service that automatically detects foreground subjects and removes image backgrounds. It offers a web app, desktop integrations, plugins, and an API for automated workflows.

Design & Graphics

Read the remove.bg status page.

Magnific AI

🟡Acquired / Merged

Magnific AI is a generative image upscaling and enhancement tool. It enlarges images while using text prompts and adjustable controls to reconstruct details, sharpen outputs, and apply creative transformations.

Design & Graphics

Read the Magnific AI status page.

Clipdrop

🟡Acquired / Merged

Clipdrop is a suite of AI-assisted image editing and generation tools for removing backgrounds and objects, relighting scenes, upscaling images, replacing backgrounds, and creating images from text or sketches.

Design & Graphics

Read the Clipdrop status page.

Side-by-Side Comparison

ToolStatusBest forDeep dive
ChatGPTActiveBest all-round classroom assistantChatGPT alternatives
ClaudeActiveBest for long reading materials and feedbackClaude alternatives
Gamma AIActiveBest for building lesson decks fastGamma AI alternatives
Canva MagicActiveBest for classroom visuals and handoutsCanva Magic alternatives
QuillBotAcquired / MergedBest for teaching paraphrasing and citationQuillBot alternatives
Otter.aiActiveBest for meeting and accessibility notesOtter.ai alternatives
SkedPalActiveSkedPal status
Microsoft CopilotActiveMicrosoft Copilot status
Dropbox DashActiveDropbox Dash status
TactiqActiveTactiq status
MotionActiveMotion status
TaskadeActiveTaskade status
ClockwiseActiveClockwise status
ShortwaveActiveShortwave status
Reclaim.aiAcquired / Mergedwhy Reclaim.ai failed
SuperhumanAcquired / Mergedwhy Superhuman failed
Trevor AIActiveTrevor AI status
WovenShutdown / Deadwhy Woven failed
MaydayShutdown / Deadwhy Mayday failed
Compose AIAcquired / Mergedwhy Compose AI failed
MagicalActiveMagical status
Axiom.aiActiveAxiom.ai status
VoicenotesActiveVoicenotes status
FlowriteAcquired / Mergedwhy Flowrite failed
AudioPenActiveAudioPen status
StashpadAcquired / Mergedwhy Stashpad failed
TalkNotesActiveTalkNotes status
DiagramAcquired / Mergedwhy Diagram failed
FellowActiveFellow status
Zoom AI CompanionActiveZoom AI Companion status
LunaAcquired / Mergedwhy Luna failed
KronologicAcquired / Mergedwhy Kronologic failed
TimefulAcquired / Mergedwhy Timeful failed
Julie DeskAcquired / Mergedwhy Julie Desk failed
LimitlessAcquired / Mergedwhy Limitless failed
TanaActiveTana status
Storia AIAcquired / Mergedwhy Storia AI failed
Wispr FlowActiveWispr Flow status
MacWhisperActiveMacWhisper status
Rows AIActiveRows AI status
GPT for WorkActiveGPT for Work status
GlingActiveGling status
AnywordActiveAnyword status
ScalenutActiveScalenut status
ClearscopeActiveClearscope status
FraseAcquired / Mergedwhy Frase failed
SurferActiveSurfer status
MarketMuseActiveMarketMuse status
Hypotenuse AIActiveHypotenuse AI status
AI-WriterActiveAI-Writer status
SimplifiedActiveSimplified status
WritecreamActiveWritecream status
GrowthBarActiveGrowthBar status
WriterActiveWriter status
KoalaWriterActiveKoalaWriter status
HyperWriteActiveHyperWrite status
HeadlimeAcquired / Mergedwhy Headlime failed
ShortlyAIAcquired / Mergedwhy ShortlyAI failed
CopysmithAcquired / Mergedwhy Copysmith failed
ProWritingAidActiveProWritingAid status
Wordvice AIActiveWordvice AI status
Trinka AIActiveTrinka AI status
Ginger SoftwareActiveGinger Software status
SaplingActiveSapling status
PaperpalActivePaperpal status
WritefullActiveWritefull status
LightkeyActiveLightkey status
BywordActiveByword status
Article ForgeActiveArticle Forge status
LanguageToolActiveLanguageTool status
Content at ScaleAcquired / Mergedwhy Content at Scale failed
NEURONwriterActiveNEURONwriter status
TopicAcquired / Mergedwhy Topic failed
NovelcrafterActiveNovelcrafter status
SquiblerActiveSquibler status
Type.aiActiveType.ai status
DabbleActiveDabble status
Campfire WritingActiveCampfire Writing status
OthersideAIActiveOthersideAI status
VoicelinerPossibly Deadwhy Voiceliner failed
ClosersCopyActiveClosersCopy status
KonoPossibly Deadwhy Kono failed
UndockPossibly DeadUndock status
MeetGeekActiveMeetGeek status
Sembly AIActiveSembly AI status
Read AIActiveRead AI status
SupernormalActiveSupernormal status
KrispActiveKrisp status
JamieActiveJamie status
GranolaActiveGranola status
CirclebackActiveCircleback status
BluedotActiveBluedot status
RewatchShutdown / DeadRewatch status
AirgramShutdown / DeadAirgram status
Gemini for Google WorkspaceActiveGemini for Google Workspace status
Slack AIActiveSlack AI status
Box AIActiveBox AI status
GleanActiveGlean status
SliteActiveSlite status
TettraActiveTettra status
CraftActiveCraft status
LexActiveLex status
MintlifyActiveMintlify status
Warmer.aiAcquired / MergedWarmer.ai status
EllieActiveEllie status
DreamStudioActiveDreamStudio status
ComfyUIActiveComfyUI status
NightCafe CreatorActiveNightCafe Creator status
Dream by WOMBOActiveDream by WOMBO status
starryaiActivestarryai status
CraiyonActiveCraiyon status
Deep Dream GeneratorActiveDeep Dream Generator status
ArtistoShutdown / DeadArtisto status
Galileo AIAcquired / MergedGalileo AI status
Figma AIActiveFigma AI status
VisilyActiveVisily status
Framer AIActiveFramer AI status
RelumeActiveRelume status
AnimaActiveAnima status
TeleportHQActiveTeleportHQ status
remove.bgAcquired / Mergedremove.bg status
Cleanup.picturesActiveCleanup.pictures status
Magnific AIAcquired / MergedMagnific AI status
Topaz Photo AIActiveTopaz Photo AI status
PixelcutActivePixelcut status
PhotoRoomActivePhotoRoom status
ClipdropAcquired / MergedClipdrop status
Claid.aiActiveClaid.ai status
UpscaylActiveUpscayl status
Luminar NeoActiveLuminar Neo status
ImagenAIActiveImagenAI status
PrismaActivePrisma status
Spline AIActiveSpline AI alternatives
Let's EnhanceActiveLet's Enhance status
PolarrActivePolarr status
Vectorizer.AIActiveVectorizer.AI status
ScenarioActiveScenario status
RecraftActiveRecraft status

How to Choose

  • Can you export every lesson plan, slide deck, and rubric to a file you own, without a subscription?
  • Is student data covered by a written agreement, and does the vendor state it does not train on it?
  • Does the free or education tier still exist this term, or has it quietly become a trial?
  • Does it work inside the tools your school already licenses, or does it need IT approval to install?
  • Who pays for the model behind it, and has the product shipped anything visible in the last 90 days?
  • Is accuracy good enough that checking the output takes less time than writing it yourself?
  • If it vanished the week before reports were due, how long until you are back to normal?

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the best AI tool for teachers in 2026?

There is no single winner, because teachers do four different jobs. Claude and ChatGPT are the strongest general planning and differentiation assistants. Gamma AI is the fastest route from an outline to a usable slide deck, Canva Magic is best for worksheets and visuals, and Otter.ai handles lecture or meeting transcription. Pick one per job rather than one tool for everything.

Which AI tools for teachers have shut down or been acquired?

QuillBot was acquired and now sits inside a larger education company, so its roadmap follows its owner rather than classroom needs. Several smaller lesson-planning and grading startups closed after their free school tiers proved unfundable. Each tracked case on this site has a dated postmortem showing what changed before the shutdown.

Is it safe to put student work into an AI tool?

Not by default. Remove names and identifying details before pasting anything, and only use tools your school has approved with a written data agreement. Free consumer tiers usually reserve broader rights than education or business tiers. If in doubt, paste the rubric and your own draft feedback rather than the student's original work.

Can AI grade student work reliably?

It is reliable as a first-pass assistant and unreliable as a final judge. It is good at surface features: structure, spelling, whether a rubric criterion was mentioned. It is weak at intent, originality, and context you hold about a specific student. Use it to draft feedback you then edit, and keep every grading decision human.

How do I keep my lesson materials if a tool shuts down?

Export at the end of every unit, not at the end of the year. Slides to PDF and the native slide format, documents to DOCX or Markdown, rubrics to a spreadsheet. Store them in your school drive rather than only inside the tool. Teachers who lose work to a shutdown almost always lost it because the only copy lived in the vendor's account.

Will schools keep the free tiers teachers rely on?

Some will and some will not. Free tiers funded by a paid enterprise product tend to survive; free tiers that are the entire product tend to shrink. Watch for reduced monthly limits, features moving to an upgrade prompt, and export becoming a paid option. Those three changes usually arrive together, a term or two before a price rise.

How can I tell an education AI tool is about to die?

Four signals matter: no product updates for a term, a support inbox that stops answering, a pricing page that quietly drops the education plan, and a blog whose last post is from last year. Two at once is the moment to export everything and try the alternative while your login still works.

How often are the statuses on this page checked?

Automated checks run on a schedule and look at uptime, redirects, domain records, and public activity. Anything that looks like a shutdown is reviewed by a person before the status changes, so every label here reflects verified evidence rather than rumour.

Keep Reading: Status Checks and Alternatives

Deeper research on the tools above — shutdown reports, death-signal checks, and replacement shortlists.

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